Which test is employed to confirm compression of the brachial plexus by scalenes?

• A. Adson's Test
• B. Wright Test
• C. Costoclavicular Test
• D. Spurling's Test

Answer: (A)

Adson's Test is specifically designed to assess for thoracic outlet syndrome, particularly the compression of the brachial plexus caused by the scalenes. The test involves the patient turning their head toward the affected side while the clinician palpates the radial pulse, and then the patient is asked to take a deep breath. This maneuver can produce symptoms if there is compression of the brachial plexus between the anterior and middle scalene muscles.

Understanding this test is crucial because it helps clinicians isolate the issue related to specific anatomical structures. If the symptoms arise, it suggests that the scalene muscles are contributing to thoracic outlet syndrome, which can manifest as pain, numbness, or weakness in the upper extremity due to compromised neurovascular structures.

The other tests listed assess different structures or mechanisms. For example, the Wright Test evaluates the length of the pectoralis minor and its effect on blood flow and nerve function, the Costoclavicular Test assesses for thoracic outlet syndrome related to compression between the clavicle and the first rib, and Spurling's Test is used to confirm cervical radiculopathy rather than brachial plexus compression specifically. Each of these tests targets different potential causes for upper extremity symptoms,