What type of fracture involves fracture of the pedicles of the axis?

• A. Jefferson fracture
• B. Hangman's fracture
• C. Clay shoveler's fracture
• D. Tear drop fracture

Answer: (B)

A Hangman's fracture is characterized by a fracture of the pedicles of the axis, specifically the C2 vertebra. This type of fracture typically occurs from hyperextension of the neck and can often be associated with traumatic events, such as a hanging or a high-impact automobile accident. It usually results in instability of the cervical spine and can involve significant spinal cord injury, as the fracture may compromise the neural elements of the spine.

The other types of fractures mentioned do not involve the pedicles of the axis. For example, a Jefferson fracture typically refers to a fracture of the C1 vertebra (atlas) and is caused by axial loading. A Clay shoveler's fracture involves a fracture of the spinous process of the lower cervical vertebrae, usually resulting from forceful muscle contraction. A Tear drop fracture is commonly associated with flexion injuries and involves an avulsion fracture of the anteroinferior aspect of the cervical vertebra, but again does not pertain to the pedicles of the axis. Thus, the characteristics of a Hangman's fracture make it the correct answer in this context.