What is the most serious consequence of an undiagnosed deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

• A. Localized infection in the leg
• B. Pulmonary embolism and/or death
• C. Persistent leg pain or swelling
• D. Joint instability in the affected limb

Answer: (B)

The most serious consequence of an undiagnosed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a pulmonary embolism and/or death because a DVT can lead to a clot that dislodges and travels to the lungs. Once in the pulmonary arteries, this clot can obstruct blood flow, resulting in a pulmonary embolism, which can cause significant respiratory distress, cardiac complications, or even sudden death.

The risk of pulmonary embolism is a critical aspect of DVT management, as the condition can be asymptomatic and go unrecognized, leading to dire outcomes. The potential for such a life-threatening event underscores the urgency of diagnosing and treating DVT promptly, making it imperative for healthcare providers to remain vigilant in monitoring patients at risk.

Other consequences of DVT, such as localized infection, persistent leg pain, or joint instability, while significant, do not carry the same level of mortality risk as pulmonary embolism. Therefore, the seriousness of pulmonary embolism highlights the critical need for early recognition and intervention in cases of DVT.