What is the capsular pattern for the glenohumeral joint?

• A. Internal rotation, external rotation, abduction
• B. Abduction, internal rotation, external rotation
• C. External rotation, abduction, internal rotation
• D. Flexion, abduction, extension

Answer: (C)

The capsular pattern for the glenohumeral joint demonstrates a specific range of motion limitations that occur with conditions such as adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) or other types of joint dysfunction. This pattern specifically indicates that the most restricted movements are external rotation, followed by abduction, and lastly internal rotation.

This pattern is significant because it highlights the priority of motion found in the glenohumeral joint when there is an underlying capsular issue. External rotation is limited to the greatest extent, emphasizing the mobility challenges in this plane, which is crucial for many functional activities such as reaching overhead or behind the back. Following external rotation, abduction is also restricted, though to a lesser degree, which can affect reaching motions or lifting the arm to the side. Internal rotation is the least affected, suggesting that this movement remains relatively intact when capsular limitations are present.

Understanding this capsular pattern aids clinicians in diagnosing and tailoring rehabilitation programs effectively for patients, targeting the most restricted movements first to facilitate recovery and restore function.