What is a common sign or symptom associated with a Chiari malformation?

• A. Hearing loss
• B. Dizziness
• C. Sensitivity to light
• D. Joint pain

Answer: (A)

A Chiari malformation is a structural defect in the brain that occurs when the lower part of the brain (the cerebellum) extends into the spinal canal. One common sign associated with this condition is hearing loss. This can occur due to compression of cranial nerves responsible for auditory function or disruptions in cerebrospinal fluid flow, which can affect the normal functioning of the auditory system.

While dizziness, sensitivity to light, and joint pain can occur in various conditions and ailments, they are not hallmark symptoms specifically associated with Chiari malformation. Dizziness might be experienced due to instability or balance issues linked to cerebellar dysfunction, but it is less definitive than hearing loss. Similarly, sensitivity to light may be more associated with migraines or other neurological disorders, and joint pain typically has no direct connection to Chiari malformation. Thus, hearing loss stands out as a characteristic symptom that patients with Chiari malformation may specifically report.