What injury mechanism is associated with the Bunnell-Littler test?

• A. Shoulder instability
• B. Intrinsic muscle tightness
• C. Fractures of the elbow
• D. Carpal ligament injuries

Answer: (B)

The Bunnell-Littler test is used to assess intrinsic muscle tightness, particularly in the fingers. This clinical assessment specifically evaluates the function and flexibility of the intrinsic muscles, which are responsible for fine motor movements and coordination within the hand. During the test, the therapist extends the fingers while simultaneously assessing the degree of flexion available at the proximal interphalangeal joint with the metacarpophalangeal joint in a flexed position. If there is difficulty in flexing the proximal interphalangeal joint while the metacarpophalangeal joint is held in flexion, it indicates tightness of the intrinsic muscles.

Understanding this test is essential because intrinsic muscle tightness can lead to functional impairment and may influence the development of hand-related issues. Other choices like shoulder instability, fractures of the elbow, and carpal ligament injuries do not pertain to the specific focus of the Bunnell-Littler test, which is solely aimed at evaluating the tightness of intrinsic muscles in relation to finger movements.