What does the Bunnell-Littler test assess?

• A. Extensor muscle tightness
• B. Intrinsic muscle length
• C. Common flexor tendon injuries
• D. General hand strength

Answer: (B)

The Bunnell-Littler test is specifically designed to assess intrinsic muscle length, particularly the flexor tendons and their ability to allow the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints to flex while the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints are flexed. In this test, the therapist evaluates the ability of the PIP joint to flex with the MCP joint held in both flexion and extension. The degree of motion observed during these positions helps determine if there is tightness in the intrinsic muscles, which are the muscles originating within the hand itself (such as the lumbricals and interossei). Understanding the function and length of these intrinsic muscles is critical for diagnosing conditions related to hand mobility and function, making this test a valuable diagnostic tool in orthopedics and hand therapy.

In the context of the other options, assessing extensor muscle tightness or common flexor tendon injuries does not directly apply to the specific findings that the Bunnell-Littler test yields, as its focus is on the intrinsic muscles rather than the extrinsic musculature or tendinous pathology. Additionally, while general hand strength is an important measure in hand assessments, the Bunnell-Littler test does not directly evaluate