After a traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder, which nerve is commonly injured?

• A. Radial nerve
• B. Ulnar nerve
• C. Axillary nerve
• D. Median nerve

Answer: (C)

The axillary nerve is commonly injured following a traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder due to its anatomical location. The axillary nerve innervates the deltoid and teres minor muscles and provides sensory innervation to the skin overlying the deltoid region. During an anterior dislocation, the humeral head can impinge on the nerve as it travels around the surgical neck of the humerus, leading to potential injury.

Injuries to the axillary nerve can result in weakness of shoulder abduction and external rotation, as well as numbness in the "regimental badge" area over the lateral aspect of the shoulder. Recognizing the vulnerability of the axillary nerve in this context is crucial for rehabilitation and management following shoulder dislocation. This knowledge assists healthcare providers in anticipating potential complications and tailoring recovery protocols effectively.